| IS2-1 |
Real Time Low-Rate L3, L4 DDoS Attack Flow Detection Based on Number of 5-Tuple Flows in 3-Tuple Flow
Abstract
Countermeasures against Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are urgently needed by network operators. The level of a DDoS countermeasure can be raised economically and quickly in network if the DDoS attacks can be detected by the flow information such as NetFlow. There are some researches about combination of NetFlow and machine learning to detect DDoS attacks. However, conventional techniques have some issues in terms of detecting and identifying low rate low-rate L3, L4 DDoS attack at real time.
To make up for the disadvantage of the conventional techniques, we propose a new feature value and a method to quickly calculate it for detection low-rate L3, L4 DDoS attacks. This feature value is based on a consideration that the number of 5-tuple flows existing in a 3-tuple flow defined by (src_ip, dst_ip, dst_port) differs between normal traffic and attack traffic. In addition, we evaluated attack detection accuracy when our proposed feature value and Local Outline Filter (LOF) collaborate. In the evaluation, we used a dataset obtained by carrying out attacks with bandwidth same as normal traffic for few seconds on the Shinshu University network. We also used a dataset obtained at the transit link of WIDE. The evaluation results show that anomaly score under attack time are more than 10 times as big as the score under normal time."
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Yuhei Hayashi*, Hikofumi Suzuki**, Takeaki Nishioka* (*NTT Corporation, Japan; **Shinshu Univ., Japan)
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| IS2-2 |
Mobility Management Based Danger Notification System for Pedestrians in Autonomous Driving Circumstances
Abstract
Autonomous driving has gained much attention from both academia and industry since it can improve the traffic safety. However, it is difficult to predict pedestrians’ behaviour, and there are many uncertainties on the traffic road as well. Therefore, in order to further improve the traffic safety, pedestrians and vehicles should cooperate with each other on the traffic road. By noticing pedestrians with location information and vehicles’ information, we are aiming to form a new society with improved safety. The behaviour and consciousness of pedestrians can be changed by adoption of mobility management (MM). A mobility management based danger notification system for pedestrians has been investigated, and a simulation has been done for validation. The simulation results from MM indicate that 63.5% of pedestrians consider changing their behaviour, and 63.5% of pedestrians consider changing their behaviour and consciousness. The average number of near miss are found to be reduced by 43.9% in the simulation.
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Okamoto Kenataro*, Cheng Zhang*/**, Kyoko Yamori*/***, Takanori Iwai****, Dai Kanetomo****, Kozo Satoda****, Yoshiaki Tanaka*
(*Waseda Univ., Tokyo, Japan; **Ibaraki Univ. Ibaraki Japan; ***Asahi Univ., Japan; ****NEC Corporation, Japan)
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| IS2-3 |
A Survey of Proof-of-Stake Consensus Algorithms
Abstract
Since Bitcoin was launched, the blockchain technology and the cryptocurrencies have been in the spotlight. However, people also were interested in mining and earn money. The mining pools became larger and larger and since the Proof-of-Work (PoW) consensus protocol requires lots of computation for mining, immense power consumption became a big problem. Many alternative consensus protocols have been proposed to overcome the PoW's power consumption problem, and Proof-of-Stake (PoS) is one of them. Ethereum, the second most popular blockchain, next to Bitcoin, recently announced a transition from PoW to PoS. In this paper, we present a survey of PoS consensus algorithms. We have analyzed the major PoS consensus algorithms and classified them into three groups. We also examine its potential problems, especially about nothing-at-stake, longrange attack, and stake grinding attack. The algorithms are compared concerning their method and possible attacks. We hope that this paper will contribute in designing a better PoS consensus algorithm in the future.
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Wonseok Choi, James W. Hong (POSTECH, South Korea)
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| IS2-4 |
Research on an AI Customer Service Robot Design for Projectors
Abstract
In order to enhance the competitiveness of projectors in the global market, enterprises and manufacturers are actively adding new technologies into projector equipment. However, most customers are consistently unfamiliar with the new interfaces or the functions of these new technologies when using new projectors, and they are requesting that manufacturers solve this problem. Therefore, a customer service system that professionally answer questions quickly and effectively can create a good customer experience and enhance the corporate image of manufacturers. Determining how to develop intelligent customer service using AI chat robots has become a hot issue for both businesses and governments. However, enabling intelligent customer service that correctly answers questions in a professional way is a big challenge. This research uses semantic analysis models called WJE-QA, a retrieval-base model, to construct a projector AI customer service robot. Our AI customer service robots can be integrated into LINE communication software and remotely assisted through networking. In part of the experimental results, WJEQA method obtained higher data accuracy for sentences of different lengths and mixed lengths. This study contributed method by which to construct a customer service robot that can answer questions professionally and higher accuracy by implementing a projector AI customer service robot.
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Jih-Shun Lo*, Ji-Hong Cheng**, Sun-Yuan Hsieh**, Vincent S. Tseng***, Cheng-Wei Wu*
(*National Ilan Univ., Taiwan; **National Cheng Kung Univ., Taiwan; ***National Chiao Tung Univ., Taiwan)
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| IS2-5 |
Augmented Reality Based Wireless LAN QoS Visualization for User Navigation
Abstract
Recently, the number of smartphones and that of access points (AP) have increased rapidly. Because of the growth of communication terminals, significant performance degradation has been observed. Many researches on user navigation are being conducted to solve this problem. There are many studies of user navigation for wireless local area network (LAN) to navigate users to places with better quality of service (QoS). In the existing research, QoS distribution of a wireless LAN AP was presented with a heat map. However, a heat map did not include the spatial information and understandability was not so good. Augmented reality (AR) can show spatial information and is helpful to increase the understandability. The purpose of this study is to navigate users by visualizing QoS of a wireless LAN AP using AR. However, user experience (UX) evaluation for AR is still a widely unexplored area. In order to identify the potential problems faced by end users when they use AR application, it is important to evaluate the UX of AR application. In this paper, as a first step of user navigation using AR, user experience is evaluated using three AR views based QoS visualization methods, dot view, circle view and marker view. The result of the experiments clearly shows that circle view is the best one. Therefore, it is concluded that the circle display is the most effective for improving user experience.
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Keisuke Hara*, Kyoko Yamor*/**, Cheng Zhang*/***, Yoshiaki Tanaka*
(*Waseda Univ., Japan; **Asahi Univ., Japan; ***Ibaraki Univ., Japan)
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